Gateway — (1) A hardware or software package that connects networks which use different protocols above the Network layer. (2) A computer connected to multiple physical networks, capable of routing or delivering packets between them. In more detail, a gateway could be a computer that serves as a router, a format translator, or a security filter for an entire network. The term describes a system connected to multiple physical TCP/IP networks, capable of routing or delivering IP packets between them. A gateway translates between different transport protocols or data formats (for example IPX and IP) and is generally added to a network primarily for its translation ability. Also referred to as an IP router. See also IP address; IP router.

Gateway Service for NetWare — Included with Windows NT Server, enables a computer running Windows NT Server to connect to NetWare servers. Creating a gateway enables computers running only Microsoft client software to access NetWare resources through the gateway. See also gateway.

General MIDI — A MIDI specification controlled by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA). The specification provides guidelines that authors of MIDI files can use to create files that sound the same across a variety of different synthesizers.

GENERAL.VLM — A VLM that provides general functions for other VLMs.

GETO — A NetWare NMENU control command that allows for entering an input or taking a default.

GETP — A NetWare NMENU control command that allows the input from the user to be tagged for further use.A NetWare NMENU control command that requires user input.

GIF — See Graphics Interchange Format

Gigabit Ethernet — An implementation of the IEEE standard on unshielded twisted-pair wiring that can achieve transfer rates of 1000 Mbps (1Gbps).

Global account — For Windows NT Server, a normal user account in a user’s domain. Most user accounts are global accounts. If there are multiple domains in the network, it is best if each user in the network has only one user account, in only one domain, and each user’s access to other domains is accomplished through the establishment of domain trust relationships. See also local account; trust relationship.

Global group — For Windows NT Server, a group that can be used in its own domain, member servers and workstations of the domain, and trusting domains. In all those places it can be granted rights and permissions and can become a member of local groups. However, it can only contain user accounts from its own domain. Global groups provide a way to create handy sets of users from inside the domain, available for use both in and out of the domain. Global groups cannot be created or maintained on computers running Windows NT Workstation. However, for Windows NT Workstation computers that participate in a domain, domain global groups can be granted rights and permissions at those workstations, and can become members of local groups at those workstations. See also domain; group; local group; trust relationship.

Global Networks — This is also considered a category of WAN. Global networks connect devices or networks all over the world to support activities such as international trading. They span many organizations.

Gopher — An early Internet protocol and software program designed to search for, retrieve, and display documents from remote computers or sites. Gopher clients are used to connect to remote Gopher servers Interaction is typically carried out through a menu hierarchy. Gopher servers are directories of the Internet

Grabber — Software that supports exchange of data in video memory between non-Windows applications and Windows 3.x.

GRANT — A NetWare 3.1x command used to grant trustee rights to users or groups in a file or a directory.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) — Simplifies computer operations on the desktop by using graphic symbols, called icons, to represent complex commands. It allows users to choose commands and other options by pointing to a graphical icon and then activating the choice with either the keyboard or a mouse.

Graphics Device Interface (GDI) — The graphical system that manages what appears on the screen and provides graphics support for printers and other output devices. One of three core components in Windows 95(8)

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) — A computer graphics file format developed in the mid-1980s by CompuServe for use in photo-quality graphic image display on computer screens. Now commonly used on the Internet

Group — Groups provide a way to simplify network administration by dealing with users collectively rather than individually. In User Manager or User Manager for Domains, it is an account containing other accounts that are called members. The permissions and rights granted to a group are also provided to its members, making groups a convenient way to grant common capabilities to collections of user accounts. For Windows NT Workstation, groups are managed with User Manager. For Windows NT Server, groups are managed with User Manager for Domains. See also built-in groups; global group; local group; user account.
(2) In Windows, a collection of applications in the Program Manager window or more recently in the Start Menu.

Group account — A collection of user accounts. Giving a user account membership in a group gives that user all the rights and permissions granted to the group. See also user account; local account.

Group category — One of three categories of users to which you can assign Macintosh permissions for a folder. The permissions assigned to the group category are available to the group associated with the folder.

Group memberships — The groups to which a user account belongs. Permissions and rights granted to a group are also provided to its members. In most cases, the actions a user can perform in Windows NT are determined by the group memberships of the user account the user is logged on to. See also group.

Group name — A unique name identifying a local group or a global group to Windows NT. A group’s name cannot be identical to any other group name or user name of its own domain or computer. See also global group; local group.

Group Object — A leaf object representing a collection of User objects.

Groups — Security entities to which users can be assigned membership for the purpose of applying the broad set of group permissions to the user. By managing permissions for groups and assigning users to groups, rather than assigning permissions to users individually, security administrators can maintain control of very large security environments.

Guest — Services for Macintosh users who do not have a user account or who do not provide a password are logged on as a guest, using a user account with guest privileges. When a Macintosh user assigns permissions to everyone, those permissions are given to the group’s guests and users.

Guest account — On computers running Windows NT Workstation or Windows NT Server, a built-in account used for logons by people who do not have a user account on the computer or domain or in any of the domains trusted by the computer’s domain.

Guest privilege — One of three privilege levels that you can assign to a Windows NT user account. The guest account used for Macintosh guest logons must have the Guest privilege. See also user account; Administrator privilege; User privilege.

GUI — See graphical user interface